A UN resolution drafted by the United States gives three former occupying powers temporary influence over Gaza. Turkey can also gain a foothold despite Israel \u2013 which has restricted Turkey\u2019s influence in southern Syria \u2013 having opposed Turkish involvement.<\/b><\/p>\n
Iran\u2019s Shia Muslim network having collapsed, a neo-Ottoman alliance consisting of Turkey, Qatar, and the Muslim Brotherhood is attempting to seize the initiative in the Middle East.<\/p>\n
On Monday, 17 November, the UN Security Council voted in favour of a US resolution welcoming the establishment of a peace authority in Gaza tasked with setting up a temporary international peacekeeping force in the area. A Palestinian police force is to be trained to join the multinational force.<\/p>\n
The proposal is a revised version of the 20-point plan that US President Donald Trump launched at the end of September, in which the first phase involved a ceasefire in Gaza, the release of the remaining hostages, the release of Palestinian prisoners, a partial withdrawal of the Israel Defense Forces (IDF), and an increase in humanitarian aid to the territory.<\/p>\n
The second stage requires the dismantling of Hamas\u2019s armed wing, further IDF withdrawal to gradually hand over security responsibility to the peacekeeping force.<\/p>\n
An interim government will then be established in Gaza consisting of Palestinian and international experts under the supervision of a non-political Palestinian administration overseen by a Trump-led peace committee that includes former British Prime Minister Tony Blair.<\/p>\n
This body will eventually cede control of Gaza to a reformed Palestinian Authority (PA), at which point \u201cthe conditions may finally be in place for a credible path to Palestinian self-determination and an independent state.\u201d<\/p>\n
The United States wants to establish the peacekeeping force by January 2026 at the latest, with a total of approximately 20,000 troops from countries including Azerbaijan, Egypt, Indonesia, Qatar, and Turkey, which wanted a Security Council mandate to contribute troops.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Horse-trading ahead of the vote<\/strong><\/p>\n On 5 November, the US informed all members of the UN Security Council, as well as Egypt, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and the United Arab Emirates (UAE), of its original draft. After a round of negotiations, a revised draft was released on 10 November. Algeria, China, Russia, and several other members submitted further comments, and on 12 November the US presented a second revised draft, prompting China and Russia to present an alternative draft as leverage ahead of the vote on 17 November. Several Security Council members demanded a stronger role for the Palestinian Authority and clearer wording on a two-state solution.<\/p>\n The US revised draft therefore included a reference to a two-state solution and also removed wording that organisations which had abused their aid role should have no role \u2013 a reference to UNRWA, which has been accused of collaborating with the terrorist group Hamas.<\/p>\n Ahead of the UN vote, Hamas rejected the American proposal for a peacekeeping force in Gaza, saying that demilitarising the terror group violates \u201cthe right to resistance\u201d and Palestinian sovereignty.<\/p>\n The terror group criticised what it called \u201can attempt to subject the Gaza Strip to international authority\u201d and rejected any foreign military presence inside Gaza. According to the Jerusalem Post, Hamas has reportedly begun stockpiling advanced weapons abroad in the hope of smuggling them into Gaza in the future.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Opening the way for a Palestinian state<\/strong><\/p>\n To gather support, the US organised a joint statement a few days before the vote stating that Trump\u2019s plan offered a path to a future Palestinian state \u2013 going further than the 20-point plan, which only said it \u201ccould\u201d lead to such an outcome.<\/p>\n The sharpening of the wording, which was probably needed to bring more countries on board, led Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu to stress that Israel\u2019s opposition to a Palestinian state \u201chas not changed one bit.\u201d<\/p>\n Turkey can now become a key player in the future Gaza, with Trump\u2019s backing. Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan defends the terror group Hamas, has compared Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu to Hitler, and has accused Israel of genocide while denying the 1915 genocide in the Ottoman Empire.<\/p>\n Erdogan threatened to cancel his attendance in Sharm el-Sheikh when the peace agreement was signed and to return home if Netanyahu appeared. Erdogan, who has expressed open support for the Muslim Brotherhood \u2013 of which the terror group Hamas is a Palestinian branch \u2013 can thus give Turkey a foothold in Gaza despite Israel having opposed Turkish involvement. Israel has also tried to limit Turkey\u2019s influence in southern Syria.<\/p>\n \u201cErdogan has dreamed of a role in Gaza since 7 October,\u201d Dr Gallia Lindenstrauss told Ynet news in mid-October.<\/p>\n Lindenstrauss, a senior researcher at Israel\u2019s Institute for National Security Studies (INSS), was referring to a mid-October statement from Turkey\u2019s Ministry of Defence: \u201cOur forces, which are experienced in creating and maintaining peace, are ready for any mission assigned to them.\u201d<\/p>\n <\/p>\n On Hamas\u2019s side<\/strong><\/p>\n According to Lindenstrauss, the more Turkey and Qatar become involved, the harder it becomes to marginalise Hamas.<\/p>\n \u201cTurkey stands on Hamas\u2019s side. The idea of Turkish troops in Gaza is deeply worrying \u2013 what happens if Israel accidentally attacks them? Tensions are already high enough,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n The fact that Egypt, Turkey, and Britain \u2013 via Tony Blair \u2013 are now to be involved in governing Gaza means that three former occupying powers are temporarily regaining their historical influence over the Gaza Strip.<\/p>\n Israel\u2019s Minister for Diaspora Affairs and Combating Antisemitism, Amichai Chikli, condemned Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan\u2019s participation in the peace agreement and highlighted a prayer on 30 March 2025 in which Erdogan prayed that \u201cZionist Israel\u201d be \u201cdestroyed and laid waste.\u201d He accused the Turkish leader of constantly trying to undermine the Jewish people\u2019s historical ties to Jerusalem.<\/p>\n Chikli described Erdogan as \u201ca sworn enemy of Israel and the West, a jihadist in a suit\u201d and pointed to previous statements by the Turkish leader claiming a special Turkish claim to Jerusalem because of the Ottoman Empire\u2019s occupation of the area. On 1 October 2020, Erdogan told the Turkish parliament: \u201cJerusalem is our city\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" A UN resolution drafted by the United States gives three former occupying powers temporary influence over Gaza. Turkey can also gain a foothold despite Israel \u2013 which has restricted Turkey\u2019s influence in southern Syria \u2013 having opposed Turkish involvement.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":5089,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5092","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.israelreport.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5092","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.israelreport.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.israelreport.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.israelreport.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.israelreport.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5092"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.israelreport.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5092\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5187,"href":"https:\/\/www.israelreport.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5092\/revisions\/5187"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.israelreport.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5089"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.israelreport.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5092"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.israelreport.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5092"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.israelreport.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5092"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}